Ural gearbox switching diagram. Ural 4320 gearbox shift diagram

How to correctly change the gearbox on a KAMAZ

Depending on the car model, the control scheme and location of transmission gears on the new KamAZ may differ. Domestic trucks can be equipped with two types of gearboxes. The difference is that some transmissions have five shift stages, while others have ten. These models are called 14 and 15. Five-speed transmissions are usually installed in cars that are used as personal vehicles. Ten-speed gearboxes are usually equipped with trucks classified as road trains.

If you are driving downhill, you do not need to turn off the engine. When the engine is turned off, the steering wheel will lock. And this will lead to an emergency on the road. When driving downhill, do not turn off the auxiliary braking, and also depress the clutch pedal all the way. Newer versions of trucks use improved transmissions, which has allowed engineers to reduce the load on the main gearbox parts. Therefore, when driving in critical conditions and on descents, the car’s engine will not wear out.

How to change gears in the modern Urals

The gearbox design installed on some Ural models includes the following elements:. The gears rotate freely when the neutral mode is engaged, at which time all clutches and synchronizers are in the open position. When the driver begins to squeeze the clutch mechanism and shifts the handle to some other gear, a special fork device begins to move the clutch into the engagement position with the corresponding pair at the end of the gear.

Reverse gear can only be engaged from a standstill and only with the main neutral position of the gear shift mechanism between first and second gears. If any gear is engaged, reverse gear cannot be engaged. This is ensured by the presence of a special recess on the shift disk and a protrusion on the reverse fork. When reverse gear is engaged, the protrusion on the fork fits into a notch on the shift disc. The reverse gear handle on the lever shaft is attached to the cone and is installed in the desired position until the nut is tightened. Gear shift mechanism of motorcycles "Ural" and "Dnepr" K 1,4 - screws, 2 - cover gasket, 3 - shift fork for 1st and 2nd gears, 5, 10 - fork shafts and pedals, 6 - shift fork 3 1st and 4th gears, 7, 28, 33 — washers, 8 — bolt, 9 — pedal, 11,31 — oil seals, 12 — oil seal spring, 13 — shift pedal bushing, 14, 15 — left cover and its gasket , 16 - return spring of the switching mechanism, 17 - pawl crank lever, 18 - washer, 19 - ratchet, 20, 34 - nuts, 21 - pawl, 22, 23 - crank and pawl axis of the switching mechanism, 24 - ring, 25, 27 — sector roller and its spring, 26 — sector 29 — right cover, 30 — wedge bolt, 32 — manual gear shift lever.

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How to change gears on a Ural motorcycle

This is the peculiarity of driving a KamAZ vehicle. A gearbox, the shift pattern of which is well studied and executed in this form, is distinguished by directional stability. The main point of dividing it into 2 modes is to facilitate engine operation when driving a car with different weights. Starting off on a loaded KamAZ (or with a trailer) is carried out in high gear with a crankshaft speed of 2600 rpm.

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Purpose, design and operation of the gear divider

The gear shift mechanism of the divider is designed to ensure that the required gear is engaged while the vehicle is moving and consists of a fork 14 (see Fig. 17) with nuts 15, a roller 13 of the fork 14, at the end of which a lever 16 is installed, and a pneumatic cylinder with a gear shift mechanism housing.

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1 - spring housing; 2 — intake valve spring; 3 - gasket; 4 — inlet valve; 5 — intake valve stem; 6 — body; 7 — union nut; 8 - membrane; 9 — washer; 10 — housing cover; 11 — balancing spring; 12 – plug

Transfer case Ural 4320, design and operation

Today we will talk about the transfer case of the Ural 5557 and 4320, and also discuss their design.

The transfer case is a unit that is responsible for distributing torque from the engine to certain drive mechanisms, and they most often increase the number of gears in the transmission.

The Ural transfer case distributes torque between the axles and increases the torque of the drive wheels, which guarantees stability while the Ural vehicle is moving. The Ural transfer case significantly affects the cost of the fuel mixture and the traction and speed parameters of the vehicle. Because of this, the cost of transporting various cargo directly depends on the correct choice of parameters owned by the transfer case itself.

Ural 5557

In this article you can easily find answers to the most common questions:

Transfer case of the Ural 5557, 4320 and its device;
Functioning of the part as a transfer case of the Ural 5557, 4320;
Common malfunctions of the transfer case of the Ural 4320, 5557;
Adjusting the transfer case of the Ural 5557 and 4320.

Basic information about the transfer case of the Ural 5557 and 4320

The Ural 4230 and 5557 vehicles use a two-stage transfer case equipped with an asymmetrical cylindrical center locking differential with a power drive. The transfer case is mounted on the car frame using four rubber pads. The design of the transfer case of the Ural 5557 and 4320 is absolutely the same as that of the KamAZ 4310.

In the middle of the crankcase the following are located on bearings:

Intermediate roller with gears of the lowest high gear;
Rear drive shaft with middle axle. An asymmetrical cylindrical center differential is installed on these rollers;
Front axle drive shaft;
The primary roller has high and low gears, and a clutch is installed between them to change gears.

In order to maintain atmospheric pressure in the crankcase cavity, a fitting with a tube is installed on the bearing cover, connecting the crankcase to the atmosphere through a sealing system. The outlet tip of the tube is brought to a level above the maximum fordability to prevent water from being sucked into the crankcase while overcoming water obstacles.

The crankcase is made of cast iron, there is a hatch on top, the crankcase itself is one-piece, closed with a lid with an oil guide tray. Oil is poured into the crankcase through the top hatch with the cover removed or through the hole under the control plug, which is located on the rear wall of the crankcase. The oil is drained through the bottom hole, which is closed with a plug with a magnet. The crankcase is ventilated using a fitting, and its tube is included in the general sealing system of the units.

How does the transfer case Ural 4320 and 5557 function?

In the Ural 4320 and 5557, the torque supplied to the drive wheels can change. That is, the transfer case is considered at the same time an additional gearbox, which increases the number of gears and the limits of change in the gear ratio in the transmission. Thanks to the inclusion of a low gear in the gearbox and transfer case Ural 4320, 5557, it is possible to overcome high resistance to movement and stable movement of the machine at low speed.

The Ural 4320 and 5557 boxes with a rigid connection between the drive rollers of the drive axles have a ratio of torques that are supplied to the main gears of the drive axles, depending on certain parameters of the machine design and driving conditions. With the drive locked and driving straight on roads with good grip but little resistance and differences in wheel radii, certain drive wheels may slip and slide. This leads to faster wear of tires, transmission units and additional loads.

In order to eliminate these undesirable phenomena, a differential drive is used in this part. In this case, the torque is distributed between the drive rollers of the drive axles using a differential, which allows these rollers to rotate at angular speeds different from each other. Thanks to the properties of the installed differential, torque is distributed between the drive axles. That is, thanks to the transfer case differential, costs are reduced while driving on the road. Although the use of a drive differential while driving on slippery roads that have little grip can lead to a decrease or loss of vehicle maneuverability. To increase cross-country ability, vehicles are equipped with a device that blocks the differential.

Common malfunctions of the transfer case Ural 4320, 5557

Ural 4320 and 5557 boxes may have the following problems:

Difficulty shifting gears of the transfer case differential unit. Most often, this problem occurs when burrs form on the couplings and pliers, the clamps jam, and the sliders bend. To eliminate this problem, it is necessary to clean the tongs and parts of the clamp, as well as put the sliders in order, straightening or replacing them.
Loud noise. This problem can arise due to damaged gears and displacement of the rollers among the axial directions. In this case, it is necessary to check the adjustment of the bearings in the first and intermediate rollers, and also adjust the oil level.
Oil leaks through the seals. This problem can occur due to wear of the seals during the formation of cracks. To solve this problem, it is necessary to replace damaged parts and clean the tube, which is responsible for sealing.
The transmission and differential unit disengage on their own. Most often, this problem occurs due to damage to the switch forks and coupling connections, as well as due to movement of the rollers. To correct this problem, you need to replace worn parts and adjust the roller bearings.

We hope that our article gave you all the answers to your questions and now you have gained basic, basic knowledge on this topic. Good luck on the road and follow the traffic rules!

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How to change speed on a Ural car diagram

1. Car tachograph
2. Engine Interface Unit (ECU)
3. Warning lamp block
4. Cruise control switch
4. Cruise control switch
5. Starter and instrument switch
6. Steering column switch for turns and headlights
7. Steering column wiper and washer switch
8. Electronic speedometer
9. On-board voltage indicator
10. Electronic tachometer
11. Coolant temperature gauge
12. Oil pressure indicator in the engine lubrication system
13. Fuel level indicator
14. Two-pointer pressure gauge
15. Auxiliary brake switch
16. Center differential lock switch
17. Unloading area headlight switch
18. Rear fog light switch
19. Cross-axle differential lock switch
20. Outdoor lighting switch
21. Turn signal breaker relay
22. Remote ground switch
23. Hazard switch
24. Rear fog lights R13
25. Cabin lift switch
26. Pump motor
27. Radiator grille open sensor
28. Thermobimetallic fuse
29. Cabin lift relay
30. Cabin heater valve.
31. Cabin heater motor
32. Electrically controlled left rear view mirror
33. Left turn signal repeater
34.56. Cabin lights
35. Cabin lantern illuminating the loading area
36.57. Door lamp switches
37. Front left contour lamp
38. Left side marker light
39,40,41. Road train sign lights
42. Road train sign switch
43. Rear view mirror control unit
44. Pads for connection with independent heater and heater
45. Illumination of cabin heater control.
46. Cab heater tap control switch.
47. Cab heater motor control switch
48. Right side marker light
49. Front right contour lamp
50. Electrically controlled rear view mirror, right
51. EDC diagnostic switch
52. ODI diagnostic switch
53. Portable lamp socket
54. Diagnostic connector
55. Right turn signal repeater
58. Platform lift switch
59. Dump trailer control switch
60. Heated mirror switch
61. Accelerator pedal
62. Fuse block F1
63. Fuse block F2
64. Fuse block F3
65. Starter relay R1
66. Relay for unloading terminal “15” R2
67. Relay for unloading terminal “15” R3
68. Wiper relay R4
69. Additional relay for rear fog lights
70. Side light relay R6
71. Fuse block F4
72. Low beam headlight relay R7
73. High beam headlight relay R8
74. Horn relay R9
75. Stop signal relay R10
76. Fuse block F5
77. Fuse block F6
78. Heated mirror relay for URAL cars
79. Headlight range control unit
80. Relay brake pedal position sensor
81. Center differential switch RK
82. Power take-off switch
83. Additional power take-off switch
84. Transfer case gear button
85. Transfer case gear selector
86. Center differential solenoid valve
87. Low gear solenoid valve RK
88. Neutral solenoid valve RK
89. High gear solenoid valve
90. Solenoid valve for power take-off
91. Additional power take-off solenoid valve
92. Windshield washer motor
93. Wiper motor
94.107. Additional high beam headlights
95.106. Fog lights
96. Left turn signal
97. Left low beam headlight module
98. Left headlight corrector motor
99. High beam headlight module with left side marker
100,101. Beep signal
102. High beam headlight module with right side marker
103. Right headlight corrector motor
104. Right low-beam headlight module
105. Right direction indicator
108,109,116,117. Side marker lights
110. Rear right lamp
111,112. Unloading area lights
113. Left rear lamp
114,115. Trailer sockets
118. Engine brake flap valve
119. Camshaft speed sensor
120. Pressure sensor URAL 6370
121. Low pressure and low temperature sensor top
122. Oil pressure and temperature sensor
123. Boost pressure and temperature sensor
124. Camshaft speed sensor
125. Fan control valve
126. Fan speed sensor
127. Ambient temperature sensor
128. Fuel measuring device
129,150,131,132,133,134. Fuel injection nozzles
135. Electronic control unit
136. Heating elements for air preheating
137. Air preheating relay
138,139. Heating elements for heating fuel fine filter
140. Fuel heating thermostat
141. Air dryer heating element
142. Water in fuel level sensor
143. Heating element for heating fuel in the coarse filter
144. Starter
145. Generator
146. Fuel level sensor
147,148. Rechargeable batteries
149. Ground switch
150,151. Wheel lock sensors
152. Sensor for turning on the center lock
153. Downshift sensor RK
154. Power take-off switch
155. Center lock sensor
156. Air filter clogging sensor
157,158. Pneumatic brake signal switches
159. Electro-pneumatic valve for lifting a dump trailer
160,161. Electro-pneumatic valve for platform lift
162,163,164. Emergency air pressure sensors
165. Parking brake sensor
166. Speed sensor
167. Neutral sensor
168. Clutch sensor
169. Reverse signal sensor
170. Electro-pneumatic valve for interaxle locking
171. Electro-pneumatic valve for inter-wheel locking

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