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The DZ 42 bulldozer is a self-propelled earth-moving and transport vehicle operating on caterpillar tracks. During Soviet times, the model was distributed throughout the country. The production of equipment was carried out at the Volgograd Tractor Plant. The popular tractor DT 75, released in 1963, was used as the basis for creating the bulldozer. The developers have added many unique features and additional capabilities, making it a versatile machine capable of performing various operations.

In comparison with the prototype, the DZ 42 significantly lost in speed, but received a reversible gearbox and the ability to work with soils of the 1st and 2nd degree of complexity. The bulldozer represented the third traction class and had sufficient power to perform heavy operations.

Scope of use of DZ 42:

• cutting and moving bulk materials and soil over short distances;
• carrying out work in agriculture (compacting silage, arranging storage facilities, removing manure);
• digging pits, pits, trenches;
• planning of building plots;
• performing work in public utilities (cleaning roads from snow and dirt);
• loosening the soil.

Modifications and features

The DZ 42 bulldozer was produced in several modifications, differing in the type of blade used and design:

1. basic version DZ 42 with a fixed blade mechanism;
2. DZ 42P with a full-rotating blade mechanism. The device is mounted using universal joints on the bars. The rear part of the push bar is connected to a special beam using harness joints. The hinges keep the machine operational when misalignment occurs, allowing you to change the angle of inclination of the equipment relative to the ground surface. The modification is available in 2 versions: with a straight rotary blade and with a universal rotary blade with a hydraulic tilt function;
3. DZ 42T with an increased support area, wide tracks and high ground clearance. The peat modification confidently overcomes forest debris, deep ruts and other obstacles. Each DZ 42T track includes 42 links with special lugs that improve cross-country ability and prevent it from falling into unstable soil;
4. DZ 42G and DZ 42G-1 with a 2-way acting hydraulic cylinder. Modifications are used to perform work in mountainous areas, reclamation operations in agriculture in areas with medium-heavy soil.

Advantages of the DZ 42 model:

• high performance;
• maximum reliability;
• long-term operation without refueling;
• versatility;
• maintainability.

The main disadvantage of the model is the low speed of movement and obsolescence of the design. Versatility, accessibility and sufficient reliability allow the DZ 42 to remain in demand at the present time.

Technical and operational indicators of the bulldozer DZ-42G

Materials » Bulldozer brand DZ-42G » Technical and operational indicators of bulldozer DZ-42G

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Table 2.3 – Parameters of the bulldozer DZ-42G

Productivity is determined by the formula (m3/h):

P = 3600Vпp × ky × ki /(tсkp),

where Vpr is the volume of soil in a loosened state (the volume of the drawing prism) located in front of the dump at the end of transportation, m3;

tc – cycle duration, s;

ky – slope coefficient (kу=1, since the section is horizontal);

ki – coefficient of use of the bulldozer over time (ki = 0.85);

kp – soil loosening coefficient, i.e. the ratio of the volume of loosened soil to the volume of soil of the same mass in a naturally dense state (kp = 1.2 Table 2.1).

Drawing prism volume (m3):

V'pr = BH2/(2kpr),

where B and H are the width and height of the dump, m;

kpr is the prism coefficient, established experimentally and depending on the properties of the soil and the ratio of the dimensions of the dump (Table 2.2).

Cycle duration (s):

tc = l1/u1 + l2/u2 + l3/u3 + l4/u4 + nptp + noto + nrepov,

where l1, l2, l3, l4 are the lengths of the cutting path, moving, laying soil and reversing the bulldozer, m.;

u1, u2, u3, u4 – speed of movement of the bulldozer on the corresponding sections of the route, m/s;

tп – time for gear shifting (tп »2.3 s);

tо – time of lowering and raising the blade (to »4.5 s);

tpov – time to turn the bulldozer by 180° (tpov »10.15 s);

nп, no, nпов – respectively, the number of gear shifts, raising and lowering the blade and turning the bulldozer 180°.

To determine the prism coefficient, we find the ratio H/B = 0.88/2.56 = 0.34;

according to table 2.2 kpr=1.2.

According to Table 2.1, the average value of the loosening coefficient kр=1.17.

m3.

Cycle duration (s):

According to the calculation condition, l4=l1+l2+l3=8+60+10=78 m; nп=3; no=5; nsur=2.

tп=2.5 s; tо=4 s; tpov=12.5 s.

u1=1.51, u2=u3=1.88, u4=umah=3.13 – movement speeds on the corresponding sections of the route, m/s (Table 2.3);

With.

Let's define productivity:

m3/h.

Bulldozer traction calculation

Table 2.4 - Coefficients of resistance to movement f and coefficients of adhesion φ

Pages: 2

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Specifications

Dimensions:

• length – 4980 mm;
• width – 2560 mm;
• height – 2650 mm;
• ground clearance - 380 mm;
• front track – 1330 mm;
• rear track – 1330 mm.

The total mass of the equipment is 7390 kg, the specific pressure on the ground is 0.47 kg/sq.cm. The bulldozer could move in a speed range from 0.33 to 11.1 km/h, which made it possible to adapt to different operating conditions. The traction force was 36.5 kN.

The main working element of the DZ 42 in the standard version was a fixed blade, which was used to move soil over a distance of 50-150 m.

Equipment characteristics:

• length – 2560 mm;
• height – 800 mm;
• maximum lifting height – 830 mm;
• maximum recess – 410 mm.

For the DZ 42G model, a blade with the following characteristics was used:

• length – 2800 mm;
• height – 800 mm;
• maximum lifting height – 635 mm;
• maximum recess – 300 mm.

Photo

Design and operating features

The DZ 42 model is built on the basis of the DT 75 tractor. For most elements, these machines are unified. The bulldozer uses an all-metal frame, rigidly fixed to the side member brackets, which allows it to withstand heavy loads.

All modifications of the DZ 42 are equipped with a tracked undercarriage, including a spring-type suspension. The width of the track depends on the version of the machine and can vary from 390 to 470 mm. The bulldozer creates minimal pressure on the ground and does not damage the fertile soil layer.

DZ 42 is equipped with a manual transmission, which includes a 7-speed gearbox installed at the rear axle. A dry 2-disc permanently closed clutch is used to initiate movement.

The main element of the braking system is band brakes. To reduce the loads created when cornering, the rear axle is equipped with 2 planetary gearboxes.

The hydraulic system of the bulldozer contains a pump, a hydraulic power cylinder, a distributor with a hydraulic lock and a safety valve that controls the linkage mechanism. Oil enters the hydraulic system through a filter and an oil tank.

The driver's cabin of the bulldozer is made of solid metal and has increased strength. The interior is reliably sealed, which prevents the entry of dust particles. A heater and ventilation system are also installed inside, which allow you to operate the equipment regardless of weather conditions. Additional cab reinforcement in the form of a safety cage protects the operator even if the machine overturns. The cabin, if necessary, moves relative to the base of the bulldozer, providing excellent visibility during excavation work.

The operator is provided with a 2-seater sprung seat, the position of which can be changed taking into account anthropometric data. The ergonomic arrangement of the organs and the thoughtful layout of the interior reduce the degree of fatigue during constant work.

As the main working body on the DZ 42, a fixed blade is used, installed using trunnions on a beam and box-shaped push bars. A stable position of the organ is achieved through a hydraulic brace and a screw brace. The compensation mechanism keeps the blade in a horizontal position, preventing distortion. At the bottom there are replaceable cutting knives with 2 blades. In the central area there is a special visor that prevents soil from spilling out through the top of the dump. The equipment is driven by 2 hydraulic cylinders mounted on brackets.

The following types of blades are used for the bulldozer:

• basic fixed blade BNDT-10;
• fixed blade BNDT-20 of increased size;
• rotary blade BPDT-10 with great functionality;
• universal rotary blade BUDT with built-in hydraulic drive.

The DZ 42 tractor is specialized for developing soils belonging to the first and second categories. This transport medicine can also create a displacement of bulk material and perform planning work. With the help of this rather strong machine, layers of soil are also removed and, if necessary, earth embankments are laid out. Thanks to the diligence of the developers, the device has a lot of unique features and additional abilities.

The additional function includes the probability of moving various bulk cargoes. With the help of the special transport provided, trenches and pits are dug, and paths are cleared of snow. Earthmoving and transportation adaptation, thanks to its own capabilities and a fairly wide scope of application, is successfully used not only by industrial enterprises, but also in various areas of agriculture and public utilities.

Educational program for features and transformation of the bulldozer DZ 42

The basic tractor DZ 42 of industrial transformation can be equipped with various types of moldboard devices. The style comes with rotary and non-rotary type blades. Essentially, this device is a DT-75 tractor, on which bulldozer machines are installed. There are 2 different versions of the special machine that differ from the blade category. The DZ-42 model is equipped with a non-rotating type blade device, and the DZ-42P model is equipped with a full-rotary blade device.

On the 2nd model, it is possible to simply change the circular roll of the dump equipment, conditionally axial, of the transport support located longitudinally. This maneuver allows you to significantly increase productivity when performing various work operations. Before placing a personal order, a special transport device is equipped with either a rotary type (direct construction) mechanism, or an all-purpose rotary blade with a hydraulic skew function.

Another model of the bulldozer DZ 42 is being produced, which is adapted for performing working land operations on unbalanced, weak soil. This category includes wet soil, for example, in swampy areas. The provided model is marked as DZ-42T and also received the name peaty transformation. As follows from the consideration of the model range, this brand of equipment has quite a few derivative models.

The creators of the equipment provided many options, making the transformations of the machine virtually universally suitable. Any possible client has the opportunity to choose a specific, personal model, specifically considering their needs, climatic conditions and the position of the land on which they plan to create the work. Next, it’s worth looking at the general properties of the device’s model range and also taking a closer look at the most famous transformation of the device—the DZ-42G bulldozer.

Engine

DZ 42 is equipped with 4-stroke diesel engines of several types with liquid cooling and direct fuel injection. Power plants differ in individual design elements and power:

1. D 440-22 – a unified engine with a vertical in-line cylinder arrangement. Motor Features:

• anti-smoke corrector;
• cast iron crankcase with increased rigidity design;
• full-flow cleaning scheme;
• multi-section fuel pump equipped with an emergency stop valve;
• full-support crankshaft with thin-walled bearing shells and hardened journals;
• launch using the P-350-1 starting engine;
• cast iron cylinder head.

Characteristics D 440-22:

• rated power - 95 hp;
• rated speed – 1750 rpm;
• maximum torque – 532.5 Nm;
• specific fuel consumption – 162 g/hp. at one o'clock.

2. SMD-18R – Ukrainian analogue of the D 440-22 unit.

3. RM-80 – motor with a power of 80 hp. and a large work resource.

4. D 245.5S2 - a unit with an in-line arrangement of cylinders.

Characteristics of D 245.5S2:

• working volume – 4.75 l;
• rated power - 95 hp;
• rated speed – 1800 rpm;
• maximum torque – 404 Nm;
• number of cylinders – 4;
• cylinder diameter – 110 mm.

5. Motor A-41 – analogue of D 440-22 with the following parameters:

• rated power - 90 hp;
• rated speed – 1750 rpm;
• maximum torque – 442 Nm;
• specific fuel consumption – 170 g/hp. at one o'clock.

The average fuel consumption of a bulldozer during hourly operation does not exceed 8.4 liters. Fuel tank capacity – 245 l.

Optionally, the engine was equipped with a pre-heater, facilitating starting at minimum temperatures.

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Introduction The purpose of this work is to acquire and consolidate knowledge of the design of specific components, mainly the electrical equipment of machines for excavation work.

Bulldozers are now being developed to work on harder soils. Bulldozers with increased unit power of machines and equipment are being developed. They strive to reduce the material and energy consumption of machines, increase service life and reliability, as well as use new materials with better physical and mechanical properties and characteristics; increasing requirements for the ergonomics and technical aesthetics of the machine based on a more complete consideration of the physical and financial capabilities of the operator; automation of control systems, monitoring, and ensuring the safety of machine operation; increasing movement speeds, which increases productivity; designing machines and equipment from standardized blocks, which will shorten the process of creating machines and reduce downtime for repairs.

All these innovations will increase the pace of development of other sectors of the national economy and reduce the construction time of various agricultural structures. 1. General information about the machine The first tractor, the DZ-109 bulldozer based on the T-170 tractor, rolled off the assembly line in the spring of 1988 and immediately proved itself only on the positive side, and a little later the bulldozer became the most popular special equipment.

The technical characteristics of the DZ-109 bulldozer based on the T-170 tractor are at a very high level, and it is thanks to such technical indicators that it has gained its popularity.

The DZ-109 bulldozer based on the T-170 tractor belongs to traction class 10 and can be used both in the tropics and in the Far North.

The DZ-109 Bulldozer based on the T-170 tractor is equipped with 2 types of engines: D 160 and D 180.

D 180 represents a newer and modernized engine model

D-160, the power of this engine is 180 horsepower (d 160 - 160 hp). The torque reserve also increased by 25% compared to the engine of the older model. The use of the D 180 engine on the T-170 tractor significantly increases its technical characteristics. When developing new models of tractors, ChTZ adheres to the principle of continuity, which makes it possible to provide spare parts for ChTZ tractor models discontinued from main production.

The tractor is equipped with a frame cabin, which is installed on a vibration-isolated platform; the cabin has a modern design. The large glass area increases the operator's visibility.