Motoblock Oka MB-1D1M1 (Kadvi DM-1M)

Attachment overview

The procedure for operating and servicing the mechanism depends on the type of chassis used.
When working with the Luch MB-1 mechanism, the following procedure must be observed:

• Set the gear shift lever to the middle (neutral) position.
• The power unit is started.

Operating manual for walk-behind tractor Luch MB-1
The starting method depends on the modification of the walk-behind tractor.

• At low gas, warm up the engine for 3–4 minutes.
• Using the control levers, the required speed and direction of movement are activated.
• To change gears, stop the walk-behind tractor, release the shift lever in the direction of travel and press the gear shift lever with a little force.
• To stop the mechanism, move the engine control lever to the “Stop” position.

Cultivator for walk-behind tractor at work

Working with a cultivator involves adjusting its position depending on the category of cultivated land. To do this, the walk-behind tractor is installed parallel to the earth's surface. Adjust the limiter for the penetration of the cultivator cutters into the soil.

Regardless of the soil category, the depth of burial should not exceed 20 cm - on sandy soils and 10 cm - on clay soils and loams. When loosening the soil, the unit covers a strip of land up to 1200 mm wide.

The Luch MB-1 walk-behind tractor is a universal tool. The lightweight unit is an indispensable assistant when cultivating virgin and arable lands.

To deliver tools and materials to the work site, a trailed trolley is used. Snow removal in winter is carried out using additional attachments.

Beam MB 1 is not only easy to use, but also has very compact dimensions. Additional attachments add to the versatility of this model. Thanks to various options, Beam MB 1 received several modifications necessary to solve certain problems. So, depending on a particular equipment, the capabilities of the walk-behind tractor include:

• cleaning and forming furrows
• plowing
• harrowing
• digging and hilling root crops
• watering the crop
• spraying plants
• snow removal
• loosening the soil
• grass cutting
• cargo transportation
• spraying plants

Beam MB 1 does not require any professional skills, it is extremely easy to use and maintain. And yet, each modification requires careful inspection and study. To do this, just read the instruction manual that comes with the walk-behind tractor. Proper operation of the equipment guarantees trouble-free and reliable operation for many years.

In the basic configuration, Luch MB 1 is equipped with cultivators necessary for loosening the soil. Extensions and special wheels are also available. In addition, let's pay attention to the wide motor range. For example, not only Russian, but also imported engines are provided for the walk-behind tractor. Each internal combustion engine has its own advantages and disadvantages.

The popularity of all Luch modifications is associated, among other advantages, with their aggregation with a large number of attachments. It is also convenient for owners that the walk-behind tractor can work with attachments from other devices, such as “Neva”, “Ugra”, “Oka”, “Favorite”, “Viking”, “Patriot”, “Mole” and others.

Almost any domestic new or old Soviet walk-behind tractor can share the attachment with Luch, and it will work. Further in the review, we will study in more detail the types of equipment for the Luch walk-behind tractor, and watch a video of the operation of the units.

Milling cutters

The classic type of cutters for the Luch walk-behind tractor is sickle-shaped. Assembly and installation on the device must be done using fabric mittens or gloves. When installing and starting to work with cutters, the owner must make sure that they are installed and secured correctly.

More details about the installation of cutters can be found in the instructions for the walk-behind tractor. It is allowed to use crow's foot cutters, as well as partial installation to narrow the cultivation strip.

Photo of the Luch walk-behind tractor with cutters

Adapter, trailer

The Luch walk-behind tractor has enough power to connect a cart, trailer and even an adapter. The adapter differs from the cart by having a seat for the owner. This is convenient for transporting goods, transporting crops and moving around the site. Recommended types of trolleys: TM-300, TM-500.

Trailers for the Luch walk-behind tractor: and others. Adapters for Luch: Motor Sich UUMP-2, Yarilo adapter, BUT, ARA and others. During the break-in period, it is prohibited to use a trolley or trailer; the gearbox and motor of the walk-behind tractor must adapt to the load.

Adapter Yarilo Trolley-trailer Salute

Mower

Any type of mower can be used to connect to this unit. For example, the Zarya or Neva rotary mower. Allowed to work with small segment mowers. According to the instructions, only persons over 14 years of age can work with a walk-behind tractor and especially with attachments powered by a PTO. The rotary mower requires compliance with the rules of safe operation.

Rotary mower Zarya Segment mower

Lugs

Lugs are used for better traction with the soil. The device can perform plowing work without lugs, however, with this attachment, the walk-behind tractor is much more effective in plowing. The lugs can be metal or made of dense rubber (double rubber).

Lugs

The diameter of the lugs is different: 350, 400, 500, 550 mm and others. Select this type of auxiliary tools based on the size of the wheels of your walk-behind tractor.

To plow properly, make sure that the plow on the walk-behind tractor is properly secured. Feedback from farmers suggests that high-quality plowing is impossible without a coulter (deepening unit). Use the coulter to regulate the plow's penetration into the soil. Recommended plows for Luch walk-behind tractors: PNM-1-20 Centaur, plow with wheel, PLN-2-25, Motor Sich PM-1 and others.

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Types of snow blowers and shovels for the Luch walk-behind tractor: MB auger snow blower with belt drive, Volodar OM 1000 blade, Intertool, Husqvarna, Snowline, Forte KSM-21. Dimensions of dump shovels: 1 m, 90 cm, 80 cm.

To operate the Luch walk-behind tractor during the harvest season, use any potato digger: the equipment is adapted for almost any mounting method, both hitch and bolted. Types of potato diggers: “Premium”, Mastertool, Mole, digger “Heart” and others. Types of potato planters: P-1TSU, APK-3, K-1L, KMB-5, APK-TsM.

Conveyor potato digger KRT-1 Potato digger for walk-behind tractor KKM-1 Potato planter KSM-1TSU

Other types of attachments, namely: weights, couplings, wheels, tracks, etc. Can be purchased separately by the owner if necessary. These units are sold both online and in regular gardening and gardening equipment stores. You can often find advertisements for the sale of used attachments in good condition.

Engine operation of the Luch walk-behind tractor

Motoblock carburetor design

Knowledge of exactly how the carburetor for a walk-behind tractor works will help you independently eliminate any malfunctions, as well as clean and timely adjust the standard fuel unit.

Structurally, the mechanism consists of:

• a float, which is connected to a built-in steel shut-off needle valve;
• metal float chamber with chrome-plated internal cavities;
• an additional chamber required for mixing fuel with air;
• fuel distribution structure equipped with a diffuser;
• adjustable throttle valve;
• fuel and standard air pipes made of technical rubber.

Depending on the manufacturer and purpose of walk-behind tractors, their carburetors may be equipped with additional elements. But regardless of this, fuel hulas work on the same principle.

One of the most important elements of the mechanism is the float, the main function of which is initially to regulate the amount of fuel necessary for the proper operation of the walk-behind tractor. The fuel itself is located in the float chamber, and as soon as its volume decreases, the float opens the built-in needle valve. Through it, the missing volume of fuel being filled enters the chamber, after which the float rises and slowly closes the valve.

The carburetor on the walk-behind tractor is equipped with an output channel, which is located in the float chamber. For normal operation of the fuel unit, the amount of fuel in the standard float chamber must be continuously maintained at a level that is several millimeters below the location of the outlet channel.

The sprayer initially plays the role of a kind of fuel distributor, which enters the steel mixing chamber from the chrome-plated float. The latter is needed directly to enrich the fuel with air. Pre-cleaned air flows enter it through the built-in inlet pipe.

Description of the MB-1 walk-behind tractor

Luch walk-behind tractors have come a long way from their creation to the present day. Initially, the manufacturer of these walk-behind tractors was the Perm Motors OJSC enterprise, which in the 90s became part of the Perm engine-building complex.

The units are well-deservedly popular among domestic farmers and have a reputation as powerful, productive, fault-resistant devices with varying capacities. Each owner can choose a walk-behind tractor model based on the site, scope of work, and purpose.

Photo of the Luch MB-1 walk-behind tractor

Motoblocks MB-1 are very popular in our country. They began to be produced in the 80s and are constantly being improved. Their towing class is 0.1, with additional and trailed equipment. This figure indicates the traction force of the vehicle.

Attachments allow the motorized cultivator to plow the soil, hill it, loosen it, dig up root crops and rake grass. A trailer is used to transport various loads. The optimal cultivated area is 6-40 acres.

After purchasing the MB-1 unit, you need to carefully study all the recommendations presented, which are contained in the operating manual.

For the MB-1 cultivator, the characteristics are as follows:

• The main part on which all units are mounted is the cylinder block.
• An internal combustion engine is a gas distribution mechanism that controls gas flows. This mechanism consists of a camshaft and adjacent components (exhaust and intake valves).
• The camshaft diameter is 30 mm, length is 280 mm.
• The crank mechanism, the crank mechanism, ensures the rotational movement of the piston.
• Fuel system - supplies and filters fuel from the tank and delivers it to the cylinders.
• There is an ignition system to produce an electric spark.
• A starting device that assists in starting the engine.
• Cooling system that prevents engine overheating.

One of the manufacturers of the MB-1 Oka walk-behind tractor is located in Kaluga. It produces three variants of walk-behind tractors: A, B and C:

1. Option A. Motoblock MB-1D1M 10.
2. Option B. Motoblock MB-1D2M.
3. Option B. Motoblock MB-1D3M.

Each of them has different engines:

• MB-1D1(2, 3) M - DM 1M engine, power 8.0/5.9 (hp/kW);
• MB-1D1(2, 3) M 1 - DM 1M engine, power 8.0/5.9 (hp/kW);
• MB-1D1(2, 3) M 1 - Mitsubishi GT600 engine, power 6.0/4.4;
• MB-1DK (2, 3) M 7 - I/C 6.0 HP engine, power 6.0/4.4;
• MB-1D1(2, 3) M 9 - engine NONDA GX - 200, power 6.5/4.8;
• MB-1D1(2, 3) M 10 - Lifan 168 F-2A engine, power 6.5/4.8;
• MB-1D1(2, 3) M 10 - Lifan 168 F-2A engine, power 6.5/4.8;
• MB-1D1(2, 3) M 11 - Vanguard 6.5 HP engine, power 6.5/4.8;
• MB-1D1(2, 3) M 12 - Lianlong 168F 1A engine, power 6.5/4.8;
• MB-1DK (2, 3) M 13 - Robin Subaru EX 17 engine, power 6.0/4.4;
• MB-1DK(2, 3) M 14 - Robin Subaru EX 21 engine, power 7.0/5.2;
• MB-1D1(2, 3) M 15 - KADVI 168F - 2A engine, power 6.5/4.8.

When working with the MB-1 motor-cultivator, the operating instructions will help the farmer understand the main aspects of the unit’s operation.

There is another walk-behind tractor from a Chinese manufacturer, which is approved by our GOST. This is an MB-2 m walk-behind tractor. The engine power of the walk-behind tractor is 6.5 hp. It copes well with the ground and at the same time consumes little gasoline. In user reviews regarding the Chinese model, there are dissatisfaction with parts that are made not of metal, but of plastic. During intensive work there is one minus: the cutters often break and the starter cord breaks.

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Forza walk-behind tractors from , which produces advanced equipment, as well as spare parts and attachments, are also popular. The basic model is the FZ-01-6.5F cultivator. They have a modern design, they are quite reliable and durable.

About the manufacturer and history of the Luch MB-1 model

The Luch MB-1 walk-behind tractor is in the same line with several other modifications of such equipment, which differ only in names, but are very similar both in appearance and in the design of all parts and assemblies. And the factory index for all is the same - “MB-1” (there is also an absolutely identical version, differing only in the shape of the fuel tank - “MB-5040”).

The names for their products were chosen by manufacturing enterprises, many of which belonged to the military-industrial complex and the aviation industry. The manufacturer of the Luch MB-1 walk-behind tractor was the Perm Production Association Motorostroitel named after Sverdlov (now JSC UEC Perm Motors), a manufacturer of aircraft engines.

The eighties and nineties of the twentieth century became for this plant the time when its products “came down from heaven to earth.” The line of manufactured equipment has been replenished with new models of gas turbine equipment intended for operation as part of gas pumping units of compressor stations of main gas pipelines and gas turbine power plants.

And also, in the light of the general “fashion for conversion” - consumer goods, among which, since 1985, was the Luch MB-1. In previous years, there was no point in producing walk-behind tractors in the Soviet Union: there was no market demand for them. Personal gardens were plowed and cultivated with collective farm tractors, either free of charge or for a reasonable fee. There was always a lot of gasoline and diesel fuel in farms, and they cost mere pennies. The years of destruction of the previous agricultural system throughout the country - the second half of the 80s and all of the 90s - became the time for the spread of the production and use of domestic walk-behind tractors.

Main products.

Currently (more precisely, since the beginning of the 2000s), Luch walk-behind tractors and other non-core “small” equipment have been removed from the lists of products manufactured by the Perm plant: it again produces only turbojet aircraft engines and industrial gas turbine mechanisms. This is also a nationwide trend: the production of walk-behind tractors has been abandoned everywhere at similar enterprises.

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However, many of the Luch MB-1 walk-behind tractors sold back in the last century are not only in working condition, but also work season after season without serious breakdowns; pass from hand to hand and are considered a familiar assistant in the households of families from different regions of Russia and the CIS. Not every mechanism is able to demonstrate such durability in use.

The design of this equipment is so universal that analogues of the Luch MB-1 walk-behind tractor are still produced by the Chinese, as well as several enterprises in Russia that, under the guise of their own production, make these walk-behind tractors from the same Chinese parts and components.

Advantages

The MB-1 beam is used for agricultural work at farm enterprises and personal plots. It is distinguished by its versatility, high power, maneuverability and ease of use.

Motoblock Luch MB-1 at work

• plowing the soil;
• harrowing and cultivating land;
• hilling and digging up root crops;
• transportation of goods.

Attention! The operating rules prohibit the movement of the device under its own power along central highways and public roads.

No special technical skills are required to use the device. Some knowledge and experience is required to use the attachment.

The unit can be operated at outdoor temperatures down to -5° C. To facilitate starting at subzero temperatures, add preheated engine oil.

Regardless of the chosen configuration, Beam MB 1 has advantages that distinguish it from its competitors. So, among the advantages we can highlight:

• easy handling, no effort when turning
• The walk-behind tractor is equipped with a chain gearbox and V-belt drive, which ensure a smooth ride and improve cross-country ability
• The equipment is equipped with wheels and a quick-release steering wheel. This feature increases the versatility of the design, and thereby facilitates the transportation of equipment.
• The walk-behind tractor's equipment list includes pneumatic rubber tires with deep tread. These tires provide ideal grip on gravel and other terrain.
• presence of vertical steering wheel adjustment
• the presence of special wings on wheels. These elements reliably protect the wheels from soil, which is extremely important when operating in field and mud conditions.
• durable transmission, which includes two forward and two reverse gears
• high power potential of all motors, without exception, offered for this model

Engine

The model range of Luch walk-behind tractors is represented by the following positions:

• Luch MB-1 (power 5 hp, Kadvi 168F-2A engine);
• Luch MB 5040 (a series of walk-behind tractors with engines DM51, 52, 53 and 54, had an easy start function and a forced lubrication system, the power of walk-behind tractors in this series was 5 hp, in fact 5040 was a more advanced version of MB-1);
• Luch MB 5141 (engine DM51, power 5 hp, a model that has not become popular, is now represented mainly by used models, new walk-behind tractors of this series are not produced).

Of all the indicated representatives of a number of walk-behind tractors, only the “Luch” MB-1 is produced for mass consumption.

The design features of the Luch walk-behind tractors are generally similar, the units are similar to each other, in different series the shape of the fuel tank can only change, for example, in the MB 5040 the tank is square, located closer to the engine.

Motoblock "Luch" MB 5040

As previously mentioned, Luch MB 1 can be equipped with various power plants. Thus, the range is represented by engines of famous brands. For example, among foreign models, let's pay attention to Subaru, Lian-Long, as well as the more affordable Vanguard and Lifan. And yet, the most common modification is considered to be the Luch MB 1 with the domestic KADVI 168F-2A engine, which uses foreign components from Honda.

This power plant is the pride of Russian and Japanese engineers. The engine has an overhead cylinder arrangement and has fairly high acceleration capabilities, and at the same time the unit is very economical in terms of fuel consumption. Among the main advantages of the motor are its attractive design, light weight, powerful performance and minimal noise level.

The Russian-Japanese engine has a single-cylinder four-stroke design and, with a displacement of 0.3 liters, develops 3.7 horsepower. The cylinder diameter is 76 mm. The power plant supports fuel grades A-76, as well as A-80 and A-92.

The manufacturer draws attention to the safety rules that must be followed when operating a walk-behind tractor with this motor. In particular, owners of KADVI 168F-2A engines are prohibited from adding fuel while the engine is running. Also, do not touch the ignition wire and spark plug bracket.

Description of famous models

Among all models of Neva MB walk-behind tractors, several models are in significant demand. They are united by the ability to process up to 25 acres, as well as perform any agricultural operation. Popular models include:

• MB-2K;
• MB-2B;
• MB-23;
• MB-2N;
• MB-2S.

The main difference between these modifications is the engine that is installed on them.

MB-2K

It is considered a basic model that runs on 92-octane gasoline. The letter K in the name indicates that the domestic “DM-1K” motor is installed on the device. If this is a semi-professional model, then its power is 6.5 hp. If professional - 7.5 hp. Due to the special ball bearings located in the crankshaft, the walk-behind tractor functions stably under any load changes. The structure weighs 100 kg and cultivates the soil at a speed of 12 km/h. Works in 6 gears - 4 forward and 2 reverse.

You can separately purchase additional attachments, due to which the device will plow, mill the soil, plant, weed, hill up or dig up crops. And if you attach a shovel or brush, the unit is used for utility work.

On a note! The MB-2K model has an electronic start. At its expense, the walk-behind tractor is started and operated throughout the year.

MB-2B

The letter B indicates that foreign Brigg & Stratton engines are used. These are American manufacturers with 6 and 7.5 hp. The dimensions of the unit coincide with the parameters of the previous model, and weighs up to 102 kg. Thanks to the ability to use additional equipment, motorized equipment performs the entire range of land work. It is possible to additionally attach a trolley on which up to 450 kg of cargo can be transported.

In winter, the device is used to remove snow. The model is distinguished by low fuel consumption and versatility during operation in any weather and season.

MB-23

Another model that performs many functions. It runs on American and Japanese engines with power ranging from 8 to 10 hp. The unit is more suitable for long-term hard work. At the same time, the processing depth reaches 35 cm. The device is available in several modifications. The weight of the structure is 103 kg, the working width is 80-170 cm. It operates in 4 forward gears and 2 reverse gears.

The model has high maneuverability, which is achieved due to a special mechanism for separating the installed wheels. This model is used on large areas.

MB-2N

The letter H means that the model uses a Honda engine, which has a power of 5.5 and 6.5 hp. Despite the fact that the power is not significant, the motor has high torque efficiency, which makes the model reliable. The walk-behind tractor of this model is lightweight (89 kg). The device performs well under heavy loads. The unit operates at two forward and one reverse speeds.

MB-2S

A Japanese Subaru engine with a power of 6 and 7 hp is built into the walk-behind tractor. The model attracts with its small size (89 kg), with a grip of 170 cm, and a plowing depth of 25 cm. The box is multi-stage, as in the MB-23 model. There is a function to turn off one wheel, which increases maneuverability and makes it easier to turn. Operates on AI-92 and AI-95 fuel.

With Subaru engine

Motorcycle Neva, which is based on the Subaru engine from the Japanese manufacturer. The device is reliable, efficient and wear-resistant. Thanks to the high engine performance and high-quality suspension with gearbox, the walk-behind tractor is considered the best in its model range. In addition, the equipment is easy to operate, easy to maintain and there is a high possibility of purchasing various parts. During operation, the equipment does not consume a lot of fuel. You can work in any weather conditions.

Specifications

The main technical characteristics of the Luch walk-behind tractor are presented in the table.

To perform additional tasks, the unit is equipped with the following equipment:

• rotary mower;
• lugs;
• plow PC-1-18;
• snow blower SM-06;
• trailed trolley TPM-350;
• motor-block brush ShchM-0.9;
• single-row and double-row hillers;
• potato digger KV-2.

Luch MB 1 has a curb weight of 100 kg. The maximum speed is between 3.6-9 km/h, which is quite enough for working in muddy conditions.

The walk-behind tractor has a very compact size. So, let's pay attention to the length of 1500 mm, and the width and height are 600 and 1150 mm, respectively. We note the rather low ground clearance of 140 mm, but this disadvantage is compensated by large approach and departure angles - thanks to the short overhangs of the body. We also note the good parameters of the working gauge (570 mm) and transport gauge (310 mm).

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The cultivator of Luch MB 1 has a working width in the range of 725-1200 mm, and a diameter of 360 mm.

Instructions for use, maintenance, basic faults and repairs

The instructions for the Luch walk-behind tractor are an important document, according to which you need to use this unit, start it, run it in, and change the oil. If you wish, you can find instructions online in electronic form. Let's take a closer look at the main points of maintenance and operation of the walk-behind tractor.

Oil and fuel

The performance characteristics of a walk-behind tractor depend, first of all, on the quality of the fuel and oil. The main advantage of "Luch" is that it works on any gasoline, from AI-76 to AI-95. Any gasoline can be poured into the gas tank. What is the best oil to use and when to change it? Oil changes are carried out as standard - once every 50-100 engine hours, depending on the degree of load on the walk-behind tractor.

• Type of oil: M-12 GI, M-10 GI, TU 38.10148-85.
• The type of spark plug for the Luch walk-behind tractor is A17B or A11-1.

The first start of the walk-behind tractor is allowed if the device is in a fully assembled state, with the gas tank filled. From the moment you turn it on for the first time until 20 hours later, the walk-behind tractor runs in. At this time, the gearbox and motor adapt to the load. After the break-in period has expired, you can use the equipment at full power and maximum loads.

The main malfunctions of Luch walk-behind tractors and methods for eliminating them

Application

According to the operating instructions, before turning on the walk-behind tractor, it is necessary to carry out preparatory work:

• check all components and fastening connections for tightness and reliability;
• familiarize yourself with the safety measures described in the manual;
• check the engine oil level;
• fill the fuel tank with pure gasoline AI-95 or AI-92;
• re-preserve the walk-behind tractor;
• check the presence of oil in the gearbox;
• inspect the tires.

Run-in

Running in is an important stage in the operation of any equipment. If the process is carried out incorrectly and the walk-behind tractor is not properly maintained, its service life is reduced and the mechanisms become faulty.

The depth of soil cultivation reaches no more than 10 cm. Experts recommend carrying out this process without loads.

After break-in, you must perform the following steps:

• make the first oil change;
• check the strength of fastening connections;
• adjust the belt for the walk-behind tractor;
• check the operation of the left wheel release;
• remove additional restrictive gaskets between the carburetor outlet flange and the pipe flange.

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Cultivation

When operating a walk-behind tractor with a cultivator, you must adhere to the following algorithm:

1. Place the equipment in a horizontal position and check the steering.
2. Adjust the tillage limiter to the desired depth.
3. Carry out cultivation with the carburetor throttle valve half closed.
4. When working in low temperatures, if the walk-behind tractor does not start, use the following method:
   keep the equipment for about 10 hours in a warm room, then quickly turn it on;
5. Fill the engine with oil with a temperature of + 50…60°C;
6. warm up the carburetor pipe and the system itself by placing a rag soaked in hot water on them.

Fuel consumption

Reviews from owners confirm that Luch MB 1 is highly economical and at the same time not demanding on fuel quality. In addition, it is noteworthy that the official data generally agree with the testimony of the owners. So, Luch MB 1 consumes an average of 1.5-2 liters per hour. This is a fairly low result, and therefore the developers decided to limit themselves to a modest 3.6-liter fuel tank.

The power unit in question is equipped with a forced air cooling system and an integrated manual starter. The lubrication system of a carburetor engine is carried out by splashing.