What applies to special equipment

September 22, 2020 Tips for an electrician kmposter

Special equipment is called equipment used to perform certain tasks that arise during production and agricultural activities, the construction of various facilities, in public utilities, during loading and unloading, etc.

This equipment, which can be ordered here, requires movement, so it is installed on automobile bases. It is absolutely indispensable when performing many jobs.

Main groups

There are many types of special equipment, it is divided into the following main groups:

• Automotive – trucks and semi-trailers, such as scrap trucks, tank trucks, timber trucks and fuel trucks. They can be supplemented with various devices for lifting, squeezing, mixing;
• construction, used for the construction and demolition of buildings - excavators, loaders, dump trucks, concrete mixers, hydraulic hammers;
• lifting – aerial platforms, manipulators, hydraulic lifts, cranes;
• communal, which is used for snow removal, sweeping and washing roads, spreading sand, pruning trees;
• agricultural - these are tractors and combines with attachments that help plant grain and seedlings, irrigate fields, and dig up the ground;
• road – asphalt pavers, milling machines, rollers, graders, recyclers. They help build roads.

Special equipment: various types

In modern conditions of dynamic development of society and the economy, be it its growth or decline, special equipment occupies a special place in the field of motor transport: there will always be a use for it, there will always be tasks for which special equipment is needed.
The name itself - special equipment - suggests that this is a type of equipment whose task is to perform tasks that require the use of special technical means that are difficult to cope with with improvised tools.

Depending on these tasks, special equipment can be divided into the following groups:

Construction special equipment. This group is represented quite widely: excavators, truck cranes, aerial platforms and loader cranes, dump trucks, loaders, equipment for transporting concrete, etc. Crawler and wheeled excavators differ in their technical characteristics.

Lifting equipment. As the name suggests, this is all special equipment designed for loading, transporting and unloading cargo: tail lifts, hydraulic lifts, as well as cranes and aerial platforms. For example, Korean loader cranes and Korean aerial platforms are very compact, have good performance characteristics (boom reach, lifting capacity, etc.), and can be installed on the platform of a regular flatbed truck.

Road special equipment. The main purpose of road special equipment is to ensure the construction, repair and operation of roads. This group of special equipment includes excavators, graders, bulldozers, asphalt pavers and rollers, concrete pavers, etc.

Municipal special equipment. This is a technique used in public utilities mainly to keep areas clean and tidy. Such special equipment includes sewer washing machines, special watering equipment, sand spreading machines, sweeping machines.

Automotive special equipment. This group includes various vehicles that transport special cargo on roads: fuel trucks, timber trucks, tank trucks, etc. Such special equipment can be additionally equipped with special devices that increase its functions (mixing liquid cargo, unloading bulk materials, etc.).

Agricultural special equipment. This group of special equipment includes combines, tractors, various mowers and seeding machines.

There are many more types of special equipment that have a very “special” purpose: airplane slides, fire engines, specialized vehicles of the Ministry of Emergency Situations, etc.

Many types of special equipment can be purchased not only by large enterprises, municipal or farm enterprises, construction organizations, but also by individuals. High-quality special equipment quickly pays for itself and begins to generate income for the owner.

In this sense, Korean special equipment, which is increasingly developing the Russian car market, constitutes tangible competition with Russian, European and Japanese manufacturers.

Why do you need construction equipment?

It is mainly required for excavation work, soil removal, delivery of building materials, facade finishing or roof installation. You do not have to hire a concrete mixer, since it is available at any concrete site and the load is delivered by the manufacturer’s machines.

Bulldozer

Before erecting any building, a plot of land for construction is first leveled. There may be uneven surfaces, trees or remains of old structures. Only a bulldozer can quickly handle this. He can level the area within one day. If you decide to leave the soil dug from the pit, then you will need a bulldozer to then evenly distribute it near the house area.

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Excavator

The basis of any building is the foundation. The strength of the entire building depends on how well it is made. Often, owners make a basement under the house, and more recently an underground garage. This way you can save land area and make the house multifunctional. To do this, a pit is being dug, and you will definitely need an excavator. The soil can be left on the site or taken to a specially designated place. In the latter case, you will need a dump truck to remove the soil.

Dump truck or truck

In any case, it is planned to deliver building materials to the site. Many construction supermarkets and bases deliver materials using their own transport. However, you need to understand that, in addition to delivery costs and schedules, they may have underweight and other “tricks”. It’s another matter if the car you hired goes to the base and is loaded with construction materials. Here you can fully control delivery times, and an experienced driver will not be deceived when loading. You will also need a dump truck to remove construction waste or excess soil.

Cranes and aerial platforms

A truck crane is essential for constructing buildings higher than one floor.
He installs floor slabs, supplies bricks and concrete mortar, and raises rafters to the roof. If it has a “cradle”, then with the help of a crane you can perform any facade work. If there is no crane with a “cradle,” then you will need a lift truck for exterior finishing of the building, installation of an air conditioner, satellite dish, drains and other facade elements. Leave your tips and comments below. Subscribe to our newsletter. Good luck to you and good luck to your family!

What types of special equipment are used?

So, at each stage of construction of a country cottage you will need your own type of equipment. These are the stages:

1. site preparation;
2. digging trenches or pits;
3. the actual construction of the house;
4. removal of construction waste;
5. laying utilities;
6. improvement of the territory.

Preparing the site for construction

There can only be two options here. The first is that you bought a plot of land with an existing but dilapidated house, which you can’t call your new family home. The second is the acquisition of a completely new, “wild” area, on which no civilized person has yet set foot. The situation in this case is complicated by lush vegetation that needs to be removed, and sometimes by extremely inconvenient terrain (ravines, elevation changes, and so on).

To prepare the site, you will need a universal and powerful machine called a bulldozer .

A bulldozer will easily solve the problem of leveling the site on which the cottage will be built. With its help, the top layer of soil is removed, the pile of brought crushed stone is leveled, and access roads are built.

An excavator is a universal equipment that is also useful at the site preparation stage.

With its help, you can easily demolish dilapidated buildings (unless, of course, you decide to preserve them as ancient artifacts and architectural landmarks). The same tool will be needed to uproot the stumps of cut trees.

A hydraulic hammer works well when demolishing stone, brick or monolithic structures .

This is an attachment to a tractor or excavator, capable of destroying still strong walls or concrete areas in a minimum of time.

A truck (preferably a dump truck ) is useful for removing debris from the site that remains after dismantling old buildings and eliminating weedy trees and bushes. Excess soil must also be removed.

If there is a lot of garbage, for example, during the demolition of old buildings or large excavation works on a site, then a lot of workers will be required to clean it all up. Or you can solve the problem in a simpler way.

A loader is a convenient solution for loading waste. Again, if the amount of work is small, you can save on it and load the garbage into the dump truck manually.

Development of a pit, digging trenches, foundation installation

Excavation work precedes the construction as a whole. Before the construction of the house begins, you will need to dig a foundation pit (if the project includes a good basement or garage in the basement) and trenches for the foundation. For this you will again need an excavator. And non-metallic bulk materials for concrete production on site will be delivered by a dump truck - an equally versatile machine.

Yamobur is a convenient machine equipped with a gasoline or electric motor. Used for digging small holes for concrete pillars when constructing a columnar foundation.

The holes in the ground are very smooth, of the required diameter and depth.

To prepare the concrete solution with which the foundation is poured, you need a concrete mixer - you can rent it or buy it at a construction equipment store relatively inexpensively - from 20 thousand rubles. In general, this is a very useful tool and may also be needed after construction - during the subsequent development of the site, which many homeowners have been passionately doing for many years.

If you don’t want or don’t have time to prepare concrete right on the site, you can buy it at the nearest concrete goods plant (concrete production plant) and deliver it to the site with a mixer . This is more expensive, but the foundation can be poured in one go.

When pouring the finished mortar into the formwork, manual labor or a concrete pump . In the latter case, these are additional costs for the developer, but the entire concreting process takes place very quickly.

Special equipment for house construction

A small house is built without the use of special construction equipment - this is quite possible. Muscular builders from the former fraternal republics lift gas silicate blocks or beams to the required height.

But if the volume of construction is large, and the cottage has more than one floor, and even a basement, then it will not be easy to lift the wall materials on your own. Here you will need a truck crane .

Instead, you can use a truck with a crane-manipulator device. Preferably cable-type, with a large boom reach. One of the additional advantages of this technology is the ability to use the vehicle as a means of transportation.

An aerial platform is much more convenient than conventional scaffolding when performing façade work. And it’s especially good when installing an antenna or installing an external unit of a split system.

The construction of a monolithic house has its own characteristics. Here you need to pour a lot of concrete solution into the formwork. Here, as when pouring the foundation, a concrete mixer truck (mixer) for delivering concrete and a concrete pump truck . This technique is needed to supply the solution directly into the formwork.

Interior work and finishing

At this stage of cottage construction, special equipment will not be needed. The only exception would be, perhaps, transport for the delivery of finishing materials. But you don’t need to take care of it - hardware stores will arrange delivery themselves.

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Site development

One of the most important parts of landscaping is building a fence. Fencing not only marks the boundaries of a home and prevents, to some extent, unwanted elements from entering the property. This is the main function of the fence, but not the only one. It has a fencing and an aesthetic function - it can decorate a site and become part of the overall landscape design.

To install the fence you will need:

• concrete mixer - prepare a mixture for constructing the foundation of a heavy fence or installing pillars;
• hole drill - for preparing holes in the ground.

The complex of works on territory development includes:

1. leveling uneven surfaces (with a bulldozer and excavator);
2. digging a pit for a swimming pool or artificial decorative pond (it’s also difficult to do without an excavator);
3. construction of a gazebo, bathhouse and barn.

In some cases, it may be necessary to transport black soil to the territory to establish flower beds and beds. A dump truck can handle this. Don’t forget about removing construction waste and excess soil.

Classification of construction equipment.

Construction machinery and equipment is a category of special equipment for the mechanization of various types of construction work. The classification of construction equipment is a system that divides such machines into groups according to production (types of work performed) characteristics; within each group, machines and equipment are divided into subgroups - according to the type of main working body and the method of performing work processes.

By purpose and type of technological processes performed:

For mechanization of excavation, preparatory, auxiliary work:

• single-bucket and multi-bucket excavators are universal machines equipped with several types of replaceable working equipment;
• bulldozers, graders, elevator graders, scrapers - removing and transporting soil to a dump;
• rotary trench excavators with dragline type buckets – they carry out digging trenches, arranging irrigation and drainage systems;
• self-propelled graders, earth-moving and milling units, levelers - for performing precise profiling and leveling of large areas;
• rollers, compacting plates, machines, hydraulic vibrators - for leveling and compacting soil;
• bulldozers-rippers, impact and disc milling machines - for the development of frozen, heavy soil;
• dredgers, suction dredgers;
• tractors with the ability to install multi-purpose attachments;
• dump trucks.

For piling and piling works:

• diesel hammer;
• vibratory hammer, vibratory hammer;
• steam-air hammer;
• drilling and piling rig;
• pile driver with hydraulic hammer;
• crawler pile driver for inclined pile driving;
• mobile wheeled pile driver;
• pile-pressing, vibration-pressing units;
• pile driver cranes.

For lifting and installation work:

• simple devices for mechanization of loading and unloading operations - blocks, hoists, winches, jacks, pulleys;
• complex equipment - automobile, self-propelled crawler, bridge, gantry, console, cable, portal, tower cranes;
• telescopic, lever self-propelled lifts;
• rail mounted cranes;
• lifting platforms.

For the manufacture and use of concrete and reinforced concrete compositions:

• dispensers for preparing concrete mixtures;
• concrete pumps - for delivering the mixture to the place of its use;
• pneumatic blowers;
• concrete pavers;
• concrete mixers, mortar mixers;
• units and machines for installation and electric welding of reinforcement for reinforced concrete structures;
• equipment for the manufacture and tension of reinforcement cages.

For finishing and roofing work

• roofing machines;
• plastering, painting stations;
• flooring machines;
• automatic trowelling machines;
• mobile putty units;
• mosaic grinding machines;
• planing and grinding units;
• telescopic, lever self-propelled lifts;
• units for applying mastics, for rolling and rolling rolled materials;
• asphalt distributors for supplying bitumen to the roof;
• bitumen boilers;
• scissor lift – used for external plastering work, for façade glazing, and installation of utilities.

If you want to read about, bulldozers. Design and operation, follow the link Bulldozers. Device and operation.

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What is special equipment and why is it needed?

If we talk in general about the concept of special equipment, it is important to understand that this equipment allows you to carry out a list of work with maximum productivity. Among the most common types of special equipment are:

• excavators;
• cranes;
• concrete mixers;
• bulldozers and many others.

As you know, the cost of such equipment is quite high, so not every construction company can afford to purchase a full fleet of special equipment.

In order not to spend extra money, but at the same time have access to special equipment, they rent it. Today there are many companies offering rental of special equipment. The main advantage of renting is that you only pay for the actual time you use the transport.