Rules for the transportation of heavy cargo

Dangerous cargo is any cargo that, in the event of an accident, can cause significant damage to health and human life, lead to destruction, and cause harm to the environment. The transportation of such goods is so dangerous that it is regulated by a European agreement, which applies to the territory of all European countries. Dangerous goods include any substances or items that are:

• explosive;
• poisonous;
• flammable;
• caustic;
• strong oxidizing agents;
• radioactive.

In addition to the list of hazardous factors, a classification has also been adopted, according to which dangerous goods are divided into the following classes:

CLASS 1. “EXPLOSIVES”

Class 1 dangerous goods include explosives and explosive products. Pyrotechnic substances, compositions and products, even if they do not emit gases, are also classified as explosive. Note. Desensitized explosives are classified as class 4 exhaust gases.

CLASS 2. “GASES”

It includes compressed gases, liquefied gases, in solution, cooled liquefied gases, mixtures of gases, mixtures of one or more gases with vapors of one or more substances of other classes, as well as products filled with gas and aerosols. Note. Carbonated drinks are not included in this class.

CLASS 3. “FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS”

Dangerous goods of class 3 include liquids or mixtures of liquids, as well as liquids containing solids in solution or suspension, which emit vapors that are flammable in a closed container at temperatures not exceeding 60.5°C or in an open container at temperatures not exceeding 65.5°C.

CLASS 4. “FLAMMABLE SOLIDS”

Class 4 dangerous goods include substances that easily ignite, spontaneously ignite, or emit flammable gases when interacting with water.

CLASS 5. “OXIDIZING SUBSTANCES AND ORGANIC PEROXIDES”

Class 4 dangerous goods include oxidizing substances and organic peroxides, which can support combustion by releasing oxygen.

CLASS 6. “TOXIC AND INFECTIOUS SUBSTANCES”

Dangerous goods of class 6 include gaseous, liquid or solid substances that pose a risk of poisoning, chemical burns, diseases, death of people, animals and plants, as well as substances containing viable microorganisms for which it is known or there is sufficient reason to believe that they cause diseases of people or animals. Note. Genetically modified microorganisms that do not fall under the definition of an infectious substance belong to class 9.

CLASS 7. “RADIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES”

Class 7 dangerous goods include gaseous, liquid or solid substances or products whose specific activity exceeds 70 kBq/kg (2 nCi/g).

CLASS 8. “CORROSIVE SUBSTANCES”

Class 8 dangerous goods include gaseous, liquid or solid substances or articles that can cause visible damage to the skin or any living tissue, or cause material damage to other cargo and the structure of the aircraft.

CLASS 9. “OTHER DANGEROUS GOODS”

Class 9 dangerous goods include gaseous, liquid or solid substances or products that pose a danger during air transportation that cannot be classified as other classes of dangerous goods. These include magnetized, anesthetic, low-toxic and other similar substances and materials that may cause irritation or discomfort to flight crew members and passengers, as well as flammable liquids that are not flammable.

Despite the high degree of danger, these substances require transportation, including by road. For safe transportation, it is necessary to clearly know the peculiarities of transporting various classes of hazardous substances and follow safety regulations.

The CARGO-EXPRESS company is ready to take responsibility for the transportation of dangerous goods. To do this, we have everything necessary - special vehicles and qualified employees who will organize and provide transportation.

Features of transporting dangerous goods by road

Not all transport companies are ready to transport especially dangerous goods. Transportation features include nuances related to:

• preparation of accompanying documents;
• route;
• obtaining the necessary permits from regulatory authorities;
• condition of the rolling stock;
• personnel qualifications.

Accompanying documents must contain complete information about the nature of the cargo:

• substance identification number;
• full name of the cargo;
• primary hazard class, secondary hazard class (if any), packing group (if any);
• type of packaging, quantity, weight.

It is also necessary to ensure appropriate support by a responsible person. The loading and unloading process takes place under the supervision of an attendant. The owner of the cargo or the customer of the transportation is responsible for all of the above aspects.

To transport particularly dangerous goods, depending on their nature, various types of road freight transport are used:

• container ships;
• dump trucks;
• tank tanks;
• tilt cars, vans.

Transportation of dangerous goods can only be successful and safe if each of the parties involved strictly and fully complies with their responsibilities. The CARGO-EXPRESS company, for its part, is ready for the safe transportation of dangerous goods.

Motor transport - rules, norms, regulations

Road transportation of heavy cargo.

1. Road transportation of heavy cargo is carried out according to special rules in accordance with the following regulatory documents:

1.1. Federal Law of November 8, 2007 N 257-FZ “On highways and road activities in the Russian Federation and on amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation.”

1.2. Rules for the transportation of goods by road (Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 15, 2011 N 272);

1.3. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 16, 2009 No. 934

“On compensation for damage caused by vehicles engaged in

transportation of heavy cargo along the roads of the Russian Federation.”

1.4. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 12 of January 9, 2014 “On amendments to certain acts of the Government of the Russian Federation on the transportation of heavy cargo on the roads of the Russian Federation.”

1.5. By orders of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation:

— dated July 24, 2012 N 258 “On approval of the Procedure for issuing a special permit for the movement of a vehicle transporting heavy and (or) large-sized cargo on roads”;

- dated March 28, 2013 N 107 “On approval of the Administrative Regulations of Rosavtodor for the provision of public services for issuing a special permit for the movement of a vehicle transporting heavy and (or) large-sized cargo on roads, if the route, part of the route of the specified vehicle funds pass along federal highways, sections of such highways or through the territories of two or more constituent entities of the Russian Federation or in international traffic";

— dated January 15, 2014 N 7 “On approval of the Rules for ensuring the safety of transportation of passengers and cargo by road and urban ground electric transport and the List of measures to prepare employees of legal entities and individual entrepreneurs carrying out transportation by road and urban ground electric transport for safe work and vehicles for safe operation."

2. The classification of all cargo, including heavy cargo, is given in the article of the same name.

3. The classification and categories of highways are given in this article.

4. According to the Rules for the Transportation of Cargoes, heavy cargo is a cargo whose mass, taking into account the mass of the vehicle, exceeds the permissible mass of vehicles or the permissible axle load of vehicles.

5. In accordance with Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 12 dated January 9, 2014, a vehicle transporting heavy cargo is understood as a vehicle, including a specialized and special vehicle, or a combination of vehicles (road train), the weight of which with cargo is or without load exceeds the permissible vehicle weights and (or) permissible axle loads established by:

— Rules for the transportation of goods by road, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 15, 2011 No. 272;

— a decision to temporarily restrict the movement of vehicles on roads;

— prohibitory road signs 3.11 “Weight limit” and (or) 3.12 “Limitation of weight per vehicle axle.”

6. Road transportation of heavy cargo includes:

6.1. Planned transportation of heavy cargo on a standard vehicle. This means that the dimensions of a single truck or road train consisting of a truck tractor with a semi-trailer (tractor with a trailer) do not exceed the permissible dimensions in width, height and length. And the cargo fits completely inside the body of the vehicle. That is, this is transportation either with excess of the total weight of the vehicle, or with excess axle loads, or both.

6.2. Planned transportation of heavy cargo on an oversized vehicle - for example, on a low-loader with a width of over 2.5 meters (using side extensions). The load in this version does not protrude beyond the widened platform. Height and length are within normal limits. There is an overload in overall weight and (or) axles. This is the case of transporting large and heavy cargo.

6.3. Planned transportation of heavy cargo with a width of more than 2.5 meters on a standard vehicle. There is some kind of overload (total weight, axle loads). This is the transportation of large and heavy cargo.

6.4. Unplanned transportation of cargo using standard vehicles. This is the case when the cargo becomes heavy after the axle overloads are determined at the weight control posts.

7. In accordance with Article 31 of the Law “On Highways and Road Activities in the Russian Federation”, traffic on highways is permitted with a special permit issued by:

— when driving on highways a heavy vehicle, the weight of which with or without cargo and (or) the axle load of which exceeds the permissible weight of the vehicle and (or) the permissible axle load by more than two percent;

— when driving on roads a large vehicle or a vehicle transporting dangerous goods classified as high-risk goods according to the European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR).

8. The issuance of special permits is carried out in accordance with the order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation dated July 24, 2012 N 258 “On approval of the Procedure for issuing a special permit for the movement of a vehicle transporting heavy and (or) large-sized cargo on highways.”

9. An application for a special permit to drive a vehicle transporting heavy and (or) large-sized cargo on roads is submitted by the owner of the vehicle or his representative to the authorized bodies:

- for driving on federal highways, sections of such highways or on the territories of two or more constituent entities of the Russian Federation - to the Federal Road Agency (Rosavtodor);

- for traffic on roads in international traffic - to the Federal Road Agency (Rosavtodor);

- for traffic on roads of regional or intermunicipal importance, sections of such roads, on roads of local importance located on the territories of two or more municipalities (municipal districts, city districts) - to the executive authority of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation;

- for traffic on local roads of the municipal district - to the local government body of the municipal district;

- for traffic on local roads of the settlement - to the local government body of the settlement;

- for traffic on local roads of the urban district - to the local government body of the urban district;

- to drive along a route passing along a private road - the owner of the road.

10. Information about the authorized bodies, as well as about the highways and service areas assigned to them is posted on the official websites of Rosavtodor (federal roads) and the websites of executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

11. To obtain a special permit you need:

— coordination of the route of a vehicle transporting dangerous, heavy and (or) large cargo;

— compensation by the owner of a vehicle transporting heavy cargo for damage caused by such a vehicle to roads.

12. Below, based on the Rules for the transportation of goods by road, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 15, 2011 No. 272, the permissible masses of vehicles and permissible axle loads of vehicles are given.

Permissible vehicle weights.

Permissible axle loads of vehicles (given for single and dual axles).

Notes: 1. For other types of axles, permissible loads are given in Appendix 2 of the Rules for the Transportation of Cargoes.

2. Values ​​in parentheses are for dual-pitch wheels, without brackets - for single-pitch wheels.

3. For tandem and triple axles structurally combined into a common bogie, the permissible axle load is determined by dividing the total permissible load on the bogie by the appropriate number of axles.

Avtotrans - consultant.ru

Special requirements for transport and drivers

The fleet of a transport company that transports dangerous goods is subject to special requirements in accordance with existing rules. Required:

• undergo thorough maintenance every 6 months;
• do not use retreaded tires on cars;
• appropriate painting of vehicles, provision of signal signs, lighting, warning notices;
• special navigation equipment.

Loading and unloading of vehicles must be carried out in full compliance with safety regulations. Prerequisites for accidental damage to cargo packaging or its uncontrolled movement inside the body must be eliminated. The body and fasteners must be in perfect technical condition. The simultaneous transportation of dangerous goods belonging to different classes by one vehicle is strictly prohibited. Please note that it is the consignee's responsibility to ensure that the vehicle's cargo area is disinfected or washed.

Employees who transport dangerous goods are also subject to special requirements. A driver is allowed to drive a vehicle if he has the appropriate permit and has a qualification of at least class 2. He must also undergo regular refresher courses (every 3 years) in handling hazardous and harmful substances and providing emergency medical care to victims. Completion of courses and results of knowledge testing are confirmed by a certificate.

The CARGO-EXPRESS company is a responsible and experienced carrier. We transport dangerous goods in accordance with all rules. If necessary, our employees will help with paperwork, developing a route, obtaining the necessary permits and approvals from regulatory agencies. We are not embarrassed by dangerous goods. Many years of experience help ensure the transportation of any goods, materials, substances. Our company offers a high level of transport services at minimal tariffs.

Rules for the transportation of goods by road

• It is acceptable if, in terms of its length, it protrudes beyond the edges of the vehicle by less than 1 meter, both front and rear.

• If the distance is more than 1 meter, then it is necessary to install a sign for large cargo, which is a square with diagonal red and white stripes. At night, lights or reflectors should be added to it, white in front, red in back.

• If the cargo protrudes more than 2 meters, it cannot be transported. Or, as a last resort, coordinate such transportation with the traffic police department located in the area where the route begins.

• In width, no load should have dimensions greater than 2.55 m. If this restriction is not violated, and the load sticks out to the sides no more than 40 cm from the edges of the machine, then no additional identification marks are required.

• If the load protrudes by more than 40 cm with the total width within the permissible limits, it is necessary to hang two signs for large cargo. A sign is hung in front and behind. At night, do not forget about flashlights and reflectors.

• it must be well secured;
• it should not interfere with the stability of the vehicle;
• it should not interfere with driving, including not obstructing the view;
• it should not cover vehicle identification marks and light signals;
• it should not prevent the driver from giving hand signals if it is impossible to comply with the previous paragraph;
• it should not make noise or create dust;
• it must not harm the road surface or the surrounding area.

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Cargo transportation standards

motor transport on the roads of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the Instructions) was developed on the basis of Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of September 26, 1995 N 962 “On collecting fees from owners or users of motor vehicles carrying heavy loads when traveling on public roads "and regulates the procedure for transporting large-sized and (or) heavy cargo by road on public roads, as well as the streets of cities and populated areas (hereinafter referred to as roads).

7.2. The authorities issuing permits for the transportation of large-sized and heavy cargo and their officials are, in accordance with the procedure established by law, responsible for the safety of the proposed route, the correct execution of permits, determination of the fees for them, timely implementation of the necessary measures for the preparation and arrangement of routes for the passage of such cargo. .

Transportation of heavy and bulky cargo by road

The truck is equipped with identification marks (“Heavy load”, “Road train”, etc.) and yellow or orange light signals. Requirements for the carrier - The carrier is obliged to comply with the rules of transportation, have all documents with him, and monitor the condition of the vehicle. — The carrier cannot deviate from the route, continue driving in icy conditions, low visibility, drive along the side of the road and stop in places not intended for this purpose. It can move on highways outside populated areas only during the daytime, and in populated areas - during the period of least traffic intensity.

For four-axle vehicles - 36 tons, if there are 5 or more axles - up to 40 tons. If we talk about permissible axle loads, then things are more complicated. It is necessary to take into account the permitted indicators that apply to the roads on which freight transport travels. All values ​​are listed in a special table, which indicates the maximum permissible weight that can be transmitted by the wheels of a single axle. Important! In practice, in road transportation, objects weighing more than 23 tons are considered heavy. If it is smaller, general purpose freight transport can be used for transportation. What requirements must a vehicle carrying heavy cargo meet? The rules for transporting oversized and heavy cargo require the use of special vehicles.

08 Feb 2020 juristsib 372

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